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A subnet is a logical division of an IP network. This segmentation improves network performance and security by breaking a larger network into smaller, more manageable parts. Each subnet has its own identifiable subnet mask, which defines the network address and host addresses within that segment. This allows network administrators to efficiently manage IP addresses and control data flow, reducing broadcast traffic across the entire local area network (LAN). Understanding subnets is fundamental for anyone configuring or troubleshooting network connections.