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Electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) are intense bursts of electromagnetic energy. An EMP can occur naturally, like from a powerful solar flare, or be generated by human activities, such as certain types of nuclear explosions. These pulses create rapidly changing electric and magnetic fields that can induce damaging currents and voltages in electrical systems. The impact of an EMP on critical infrastructure can be significant, potentially disrupting power grids, communication networks, and electronic devices. Understanding EMP effects is crucial for developing resilience strategies against these disruptive phenomena.
